Design and Fabrication of Pedigree Making Machine – Mechanical Project.

ABSTRACT

Drinking juice never made us realize that how much fruit pulp is getting wasted. If we can utilize that pulp for some other purpose by decreasing its moisture content which is responsible for decaying of things it would be of great benefit. Pulp to pedigree deals with heating of pulp to reduce its moisture content and then grinding it to make pedigree which can be fed to the animals. This machine not only reduces the moisture but also helps in storing of pulp. Further, the dried pulp is finely grinded. This pulp then can be readily utilized in the form of pedigree to cattle animals and help saving useful pulp from getting wasted.

INTRODUCTION
Livestock play an integral role in the livelihood of poor farmers by providing economic, social and food security. Taking 2010 as the base year, percent more milk in 2050, while these values for developing countries will be 116 percent, respectively (FAO, 2011). To meet this demand, huge quantity of feed resources will be required; challenging sustainability of the feed production systems. Already there is a considerable shortage of feed availability in most developing countries The ongoing shift in the cropping pattern from cereals to more remunerative fruit and vegetable crops in many Asian countries will lead to decreased supply of cereals and crop residues for animal feeding. Fruit and vegetable processing, packing, distribution and CZ consumption in the organized sector in India, the Philippines, China and the USA generate approximately 1.81, 6.53, 32.0 and 15.0 million tons of fruit and vegetable wastes. Therefore if we can utilize the pulp for some other purpose by decreasing its moisture content which is responsible for decaying of nutrients and proteins. Pulp to pedigree deals with heating of pulp in a heating furnace to reduce its moisture content to permissible level so that its nutrient content does not get affected and then grinding it to make pedigree which can be fed to the animals. This machine not only reduces the moisture but also helps in storing of pulp by reducing the water w of pulp. Further, the dried pulp is finely grinded in a grinder with the help of suitable motor.. This pulp then can be readily utilized in the form of pedigree to cattle animals and help saving useful pulp from getting wasted. 1.1 Problem Statement Here we define the problem statement-
Nowadays availability of food for the cattle animals is biggest issue for farmers. The problem is increasing day by day due to environmental conditions like draught. As we know human life is somehow depended upon cattle animals so, it is essential to fulfill the demand of animals. Following are the majorly occurring problem on which our project implies better solution.

Need of machine –
Food processing is done to increase the life of food and also the nutrients in it. Long years ago there are some conventional food preserving techniques which are time consuming, complicated and risky. But now days drying methods are used to preserve some food content. In this sun heating is most common method to remove moisture content of food.
Food processing Industries are the one of rising industries but the waste generation is also more. Generally the waste is barrack into ground. To avoid this wastage we can convert it into pedigree for animals.

Conceptual survey –
We referred four different research papers regarding food processing and conservation of food stock by different methods. We found out the different nutrition sources in various fruits and vegetables which are useful in making of animal feed.

Design and Fabrication of Pedigree Making Machine

CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING

Fig shows the simple setup for the pedigree making machine. It consist of the furnace made up of MS sheets. There is a lid for the manually feeding of fruit and the vegetable waste. Inside the furnace compartment A Heater coil and Temperature measuring device are installed which is not visible in the figure. Heating coil is used to heat the pulp and the temperature measuring device is used to monitor the
temperature inside the furnace. A Exhaust fan is installed near the furnace compartment so as to increase the heat transfer rate by inducing hot air to the furnace. Exhaust Fan is driven by the DC motor. The furnace is followed by the grinder, the household grinder is installed near the furnace. Feeder mechanism is provided is provided to transfer the pulp from furnace to the grinder which operates on the mechanical linkage. To collect the powder form pedigree a collecting vessel is used at the bottom.

This setup implies conversion of wet Fruit and Vegetable pulp into useful pedigree which can be totally utilized by farm cattle. This machine consists of Feeding the pulp manually into the furnace. The furnace consists of a heating coil with a blower. This setup induces hot air into the system with the help of blower. In the furnace, drying process of pulp takes place. Blower increases the rate of heat transfer which
in turn decreases the time of reducing the moisture content in the pulp. Monitoring of pulp and temperature inside the furnace can be performed with the help of temperature measuring device and time period for which the pulp is heated. Temperature measuring device is
installed inside the furnace.
Further this dried pulp is forwarded to the grinder with the help of feeder mechanism to grinder where it will be almost converted into powder form. Grinding of pulp will be monitored using the optimum time required for converting dry pulp into almost powder state.

ADVANTAGES

Storage life increases
Highly Nutritive Pedigree
Fruit and Vegetable waste is less Costlier and easily Available
Simple Handling
Less time Consuming
Use of Waste Material
Prevents Environmental Pollution

FUTURE SCOPE

This machine can further be used to convert large amount of pulp in pedigree.
Fast working of machine can be achieved by using a high industrial grade heater as this machine has a normal grade heater for furnace.
Conveyor system can be implemented for automatic loading of pulp in to the furnace area.
Automatic packaging system can be installed at the end of conveyor to package the pulp in packets.