Introduction To Broaching Operation | Advantages and Disadvantages

Introduction To Broaching Operation | Advantages and Disadvantages

What Is Broaching Operation: 

Broaching is a machining process for removal of a layer of material of desired width and depth usually in one stroke by a slender rod or bar type cutter having a series of cutting edges with gradually increased protrusion as indicated in Figure. The difference in broaching and shaping, is that broaching enables remove the whole material in one stroke only by the gradually rising teeth of the cutter called broach where as shaping requires a number of strokes to remove the material in thin layers step by step by gradually in-feeding the single point tool. 
 
Machining by broaching is preferably used for making straight through holes of various forms and sizes of section, internal and external through straight or helical slots or grooves, external surfaces of different shapes, teeth of external and internal splines and small spur gears etc.
pinciple of broaching
pinciple of broaching

Construction of broaching tools

Construction of any cutting tool is characterized mainly by
  1. Configuration
  2. Material
  3. Cutting edge geometry
Broaching Operation -Finishing Hole 
Broaching Operation -Finishing Hole

Chip breaker

Both pull and push type broaches are made in the form of slender rods or bars of varying section having along its length one or more rows of cutting teeth with increasing height (and width occasionally). Push type broaches are subjected to compressive load and hence are made shorter in length to avoid buckling.
The essential elements of the broach are :
Essential Elements of broach tool
Essential Elements of broach tool
  1. Pull end for engaging the broach in the machine.
  2. Neck of shorter diameter and length, where the broach is allowed to fail, if at all, under overloading.
  3. Front pilot for initial locating the broach in the hole.
  4. Roughing and finishing teeth for metal removal.
  5. Finishing and burnishing teeth.
  6. Rear pilot and follower rest or retriever.

Advantages of broaching:

1. It is the fastest way of finishing an operation with a single stroke.
2. Very little skill is required from the operator.
3. It is simple since only a single reciprocating motion is required for cutting.
4. Final cost of the machining is one of the lowest for mass production.
5. Any type of surface, internal or external can be generated with broaching.
6. Good surface finish and fine dimensional tolerance can be achieved.

Limitations of broaching:

1. Custom made broaches are very expensive and hence generally used for very large volume production.
2. The lead time for manufacturing is more for custom designed broaches.
3. A broach can be designed and used for a specific application.
4. As it is a very heavy metal removal operation, it requires that work-piece is rigid and capable of withstanding the large forces.
It can only be carried out on the work-piece whose geometry is such that there is no inference for broach movement for the cutting.

Machine Tool Articles , notes , Interview Que & Ans
Mechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles

Sachin Thorat

Sachin is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical Engineering from a reputed Engineering college. Currently, he is working in the sheet metal industry as a designer. Additionally, he has interested in Product Design, Animation, and Project design. He also likes to write articles related to the mechanical engineering field and tries to motivate other mechanical engineering students by his innovative project ideas, design, models and videos.

One thought on “Introduction To Broaching Operation | Advantages and Disadvantages

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

Recent Posts