Steering Gear boxes – Types Of Steering Gear Boxes

Steering Gear boxes – Types Of Steering Gear Boxes

Steering Gear Boxes

Steering is the collection of components, linkages, etc. which allows any vehicle (car, motorcycle, bicycle) to follow the desired course. An exception is the case of rail transport by which rail tracks combined together with railroad switches (and also known as ‘points’ in British English) provide the steering function. The primary purpose of the steering system is to allow the driver to guide the vehicle.

Types of Steering Gear Boxes:

  • Worm and Wheel Steering Gear.
  • Worm and Roller Steering Gear.
  • Re-circulating Ball type Steering Gear.
  • Rack and Pinion type Steering Gear
  • Cam and Roller Gear type Steering Gear
  • Cam and Peg Steering Gear.
  • Cam and Double lever Steering Gear.
  • Worm and Sector Type Steering Gear.

Functions of Steering Gear Box :

1. It converts the Rotary movement of the steering wheel in to the angular turning of the front wheels.
2. It also multiplies drivers efforts and give MEHANICAL ADVANTAGE.

1.Worm and Wheel Type:

  • This type of steering gear has a square cut screw threads at the end of the steering column; which forms a worm, at the end of it a worm wheel is fitted and works rigidly with it. Generally covered shaft is used for the worm wheel.
  • The worm wheel can be turned to a new position the drop arm can be readjusted to the correct working position.

2. Re-circulating Ball Type:

Re-circulating Ball Type
Re-circulating Ball Type
  • In this type of gear box the endless chain of balls are provided between the worm and nut members.
  • The nut form a ring of rack having an axial movement.
  • So that the sector on the rocker shaft racks, the balls roll continuously between the worm and nut.
  • Being provided with return chambers at the ends of the worm.
  • This method reduces friction between worm and nut members.
  • This type of steering gear is used for heavy vehicles.

3. Rack and Pinion Type:

rack and pinion steering system
rack and pinion steering system
  • This is common manual type of steering gear box is used in most of the vehicles.
  • In this type of steering a pinion is provided the bottom end of the steering column.
  • The teeth of the pinion wheel in mesh with corresponding teeth provided on the rack, the end of which are connected to the stub axle through the rod.
  • The rotating motion of the pinion operates the rack in FORE and AFT direction which in turn operates the stub axle.

4. Cam and Lever Type:

  • The cam and lever steering uses one or two lever studs fitted in taper roller bearing.
  • When the worm in the form of helical groove rotates the stub axle and it also rotates along with it.
  • This imports a turning motion to the drop arm shaft.

5. Worm and Sector Type:

  • In this type the worm on the end of the steering shaft meshes with a sector mounted on a sector shaft.
  • When the worm is rotated by rotation of the steering wheel, the sector also turn rotating the sector shaft.
  • Its motion is transmitted to the wheel through the linkage.
  • The sector shaft is attached to the drop arm or pitmen arm.
  • Worm and Sector Type
    Worm and Sector Type

Sachin Thorat

Sachin is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical Engineering from a reputed Engineering college. Currently, he is working in the sheet metal industry as a designer. Additionally, he has interested in Product Design, Animation, and Project design. He also likes to write articles related to the mechanical engineering field and tries to motivate other mechanical engineering students by his innovative project ideas, design, models and videos.

4 thoughts on “Steering Gear boxes – Types Of Steering Gear Boxes

  1. I have a 2009 Mazda 2TS2, when I turn right I get a rattling noise, this doesn’t apply when I turn left, the garage I go to said it’s not a real problem and the car is safe to drive, could I have your opinion please, the car is 11 years old and has approx. 56,000 miles on the clock, thanks for your time

  2. I dont understand why worm and roller steering boxes are not used.They were used in many American full sized cars.The hour glass worm gear gave more stability when driving straight upto a point the driver turns the steering wheel by quarter circle or 90 degrees and there after smooth like butter to manouever and comes back to the original position when left. The rack and pinion is rigid and stable through out and requires power assistance,why is this being used. Recirculating ball mechanism is smooth as long as the balls are intact and in place. If the screws that hold the U tubes through which the balls circulate come off it can be disastrous.I dont know why manufacturers are stereotyped in thinking.

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