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Design and Fabrication of Shaft Drive for Bicycle | Mini Diploma project
Abstract:
This project is developed for the users to rotate the back wheel of a two wheeler using propeller shaft. Usually in two wheelers, chain and sprocket method is used to drive the back wheel. But in this project, the Engine is connected at the front part of the vehicle. The shaft of the engine is connected with a long rod. The other side of the long rod is connected with a set of bevel gears. The bevel gears are used to rotate the shaft in 90 o angle. The back wheel of the vehicle is connected with the bevel gear(driven). Thus the back wheel is rotated in perpendicular to the engine shaft. Thus the two wheeler will move forward. According to the direction of motion of the engine, the wheel will be moved forward or reverse. This avoid the usage of chain and sprocket method.
INTRODUCTION
A shaft-driven bicycle is a bicycle that uses a drive shaft instead of a chain to transmit power from the pedals to the wheel arrangement displayed in the following fig 1. Shaft drives were introduced over a century ago, but were mostly supplanted by chain-driven bicycles due to the gear ranges possible with sprockets and derailleur. Recently, due to advancements in internal gear technology, a small number of modern shaft-driven bicycles have been introduced. Shaft-driven bikes have a large bevel gear where a conventional bike would have its chain ring. This meshes with another bevel gear mounted on the drive shaft which is shown in fig.
The use of bevel gears allows the axis of the drive torque from the pedals to be turned through 90 degrees. The drive shaft then has another bevel gear near the rear wheel hub which meshes with a bevel gear on the hub where the rear sprocket would be on a conventional bike, and canceling out the first drive torque change of axis.
Use of drive shaft
The torque that is produced from the pedal and transmission must be transferred to the rear wheels to push the vehicle forward and reverse. The drive shaft must provide a smooth, uninterrupted flow of power to the axles. The drive shaft and differential are used to transfer this torque.
Functions of the Drive Shaft
1. First, it must transmit torque from the transmission to the foot pedal.
2. During the operation, it is necessary to transmit maximum low-gear torque developed by the pedal.
3. The drive shafts must also be capable of rotating at the very fast speeds required by the vehicle.
4. The drive shaft must also operate through constantly changing angles between the transmission, the differential and the axles.
Design Assumptions
1. The shaft rotates at a constant speed about its longitudinal axis.
2. The shaft has a uniform, circular cross section.
3. The shaft is perfectly balanced, i.e., at every cross section, the mass center coincides with the Geometric center.
4. All damping and nonlinear effects are excluded.
5. The stress-strain relationship for composite material is linear & elastic; hence, Hooke‟s law is Applicable for composite materials.
6. Acoustical fluid interactions are neglected, i.e., the shaft is assumed to be acting in a vacuum.
7. Since lamina is thin and no out-of-plane loads are applied, it is considered as under the plane Stress
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