Productivity Improvement Techniques or Methods

1. Technology based.

i) Computer Aided Design (CAD), Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM), and Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems(CIMS):

CAD refers to design of products, processes or systems with the help of computers. The impact of CAD on human productivity is significant for the advantages of CAD are:

• Speed of evaluation of alternatives designs

• Minimization of risk of functioning

• Error reduction.

CAM is very much useful to design and control the manufacturing systems. It helps to achieve the effectiveness in production systems by line balancing.

• Production planning and control

• Capacity Requirement Planning(CRP), Manufacturing Resources Planning ( MRP II) and Materials Requirement Planning(MRP)

• Automated inspection

Computer Integrated Manufacturing is characterized by automatic line balancing, machine loading/scheduling, automatic inventory control and inspection.

ii) Robotics

iii) Laser technology

iv) Modern maintenance techniques.

v) Energy technology.

vi) Flexible manufacturing system (FMS)

2. Employee Based

i) Financial and non-financial incentives at individual and group level.

ii) Employee promotion.

iii) Job design, job enlargement, job enrichment and job rotation.

iv) Workers participation in decision making.

v) Quality circles(QC), small Group Activities(SGA)

vi) Personal development

3. Material based

i) Material planning and control.

ii) Purchasing, logistics.

iii) Material storage and retrieval.

iv) Source selection and procurement of quality material.

v) Waste elimination.

vi) Material recycling and reuse.

4. Process based:

I. Methods engineering and work simplification.

II. Job design, job evaluation, job safety.

III. Human factors engineering.

5. Product based:

i) Value analysis and value engineering.

ii) Product diversification.

iii) Standardization and simplification.

iv) Reliability engineering.

v) Product mix and promotion.

6. Management based:

i) Management style.

ii) Communication in the organization

iii) Work culture.

iv) Motivation

v) Promoting group activity.

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