Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) | Seminar pdf Report Download

INTRODUCTION
Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a wide group of analysis techniques used in science and industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component or system without causing damage. The terms Non-destructive examination (NDE), Nondestructive inspection (NDI), and Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) are also commonly used to describe this technology. Because NDT does not permanently alter the article being inspected, it is a highly-valuable technique that can save both money and time in product evaluation, troubleshooting, and research.
Non-destructive Testing is one part of the function of Quality Control and is Complementary to other long established methods. By definition non-destructive testing is the testing of materials, for surface or internal flaws or metallurgical condition, without interfering in any way with the integrity of the material or its suitability for service.

What follows is a brief description of the methods most commonly used in industry, together with details of typical applications, functions and advantages.

The methods Covered are:
1) Radiography
2) Magnetic Particle Crack Detection
3) Dye Penetrate Testing
4) Ultrasonic Flaw Detection
5) Eddy Current and Electro-magnetic Testing

Definitions
The following definitions apply

1) Testing: Testing or examination of a material or component in accordance with this Classification Note, or a standard, or a specification or a procedure in order to detect, locate, measure and evaluate flaws.

2) Defect: One or more flaws whose aggregate size, shape, orientation, location or properties do not meet specified requirements and are rejectable.

3) Discontinuity: A lack of continuity or cohesion; an intentional or unintentional interruption in the physical structure or configuration of a material or component

4) Flaw: An imperfection or discontinuity that may be detectable by non-destructive testing and is not necessarily reject able.

5) Indication: Evidence of a discontinuity that requires interpretation to determine its significance

to apply NDE Methods:
There are NDE application at almost any stage in the production or life cycle of a component.
1) To assist in product development
2) To screen or sort incoming materials
3) To monitor, improve or control manufacturing processes
4) To verify proper processing such as heat treating
5) To verify proper assembly
6) To inspect for in-service damage

Uses of NDE Methods:
1) Flaw Detection and Evaluation
2) Leak Detection
3) Location Determination
4) Dimensional Measurements
5) Structure and Microstructure Characterization
6) Estimation of Mechanical and Physical Properties
7) Stress (Strain) and Dynamic Response Measurements
8) Material Sorting and Chemical Composition Determination